His novel, Zeenat (1890) is considered the first original novel in Sindhi. In which lexicons used by Shah Latif and other poets are given.
He also compiled Lughate-Latifi - a dictionary of Shah Latif (1913) and Lughat-e-Qadimi- (1923) His Life of shah Abdul Latif ’ (1885) was the first piece of literary biography andĬriticism. He was a pioneer of literaryĬriticism in Sindhi. More than three hundred works, which are mainly educational books and translations. Mirza Qalick Beg (1853 – 1929) is known as ‘Aftab-e-Adab’ (the Sun of literature).
He translated Hersh dev’s Sanskrit drama Ratnavali (1888) and Arya nari Charitra – biographies of Indian women (1905) He was the first scholar who compiled Samia ja Salok in three volumes (Vol. The author’s other original works are Pako Pahu (1862) in which he strongly pleaded for Up to 1907 were compiled by his son Manohar Das Khilnani and published by Sahitya Akademi, Delhi in 1960. He has written many essays on various topics in a simple and effective style. Kauromal Chandanmal (1844-1916) is known as the ‘Father of Sindhi prose’. The early masters of Sindhi prose were Kauromal Chandanmal Khilnani, Mirzaqalish Beg, Dayaram GidumalĪnd Paramanand Mevaram. Some prose in otherįorms ie, drama, novel, short story, biography and travelogues were written in Sindhi. Along with these translations original prose was also written in Sindhi.Įssays on different topics and textual and literary criticism enriched the Sindhi prose. (1895) by Rochirans Gajumal, Gul Shankar - a collection of Proverbs (1905) by Kevalram SalamatraiĪdvani and Garib-al-Lughat (1907) by Bherumal Mahirchand etc.Ī number of major writings of English, Persian, Hindi, Urdu and Gujarati etc were translated in Sindhi whichĮncouraged the Sindhi readership. Trummp, SindhiĮnglish Dictionary (1879) by Shirt Udharam Thanvardas and Mirza Sadiq Ali, Viyutpati Kosh (1886)Īnd Sindhi Vyakaran ( 1872) by Jhamatmal Narumal Vasnani Sindhi proverbs with English equivalents (1871) by Abdur -Rahim Abbasi, Grammar of Sindhi language (1872) by Capt. Paranjpe Jawahar-al-Lughat - a Sindhi Persian Directory
(1845), English -Sindhi Dictionary (1849) and Sindhi -English Dictionary (1855) by Capt Stack,Įnglish Sindhi Dictionary (1868) by L.V. Languages spoken in countries west of Indus (1843) by Leach, A grammar of the Sindhi language Published in this field were Vocabulary of Sindhi language by East wick (1843), Vocabulary of seven Many dictionaries and grammar books were published by European and Indian scholars during this period. The First phase of Sindhi prose was the period of grammar, dictionaries, textbooks and translations. The poetry wasĪlso composed in Rubai, Masnavi and other forms. Ghazal became the most popular form of this period. A number of Deewans (collections) were compiled by many poets like The Persian prosodic forms used by some poets in the medieval Persian poetry in the content as well as form. Development of Sindhi literature during 1843 to 1907 A.D:Īlong with the poetry, the prose also grew rapidly.ĭuring the first phase (1843 – 1907) of British era, the Sindhi poetry was stereotypical and was highly influenced by On the basis of literary trends, the British era is divided into two phases - 1843 to 19 to 1947.Ĩ.1.1. Role for the development of Sindhi language and literature during the British era (1914), Rabindranath literary and Drama club, Balkan-ji Bari(1926), Muslim Adabi Society (1931) etc, played a major SInd College Amatem Dramatic society (1894), Chandrika Amateur Dramatic society, Sindhi Sahit Society (1947) etc the publications like Ratan, Asha and Kahani etc and literary oraganizations like Sindh Sabha The Sindhi papersĪnd literary magazines like Sindh Sudhar (1866), Saraswati (1890), D J Sind College Misecellary The Arabic Sindhi writings system was recognized and standardized for the language.ĭue to the encouragement from governmental and non-governmental agencies and due to the availability of printing presses andĬontact with English and other Indian languages, the journalism and literature grew remarkably. Development of Sindhi literature during the British era:Īfter the establishment of British rule in Sindh in 1943, the rulers decided to run the local administration andĮducation in Sindhi. The development of modern Sindhi literature is divided into two periods: British era (1843 –1947) and post partition era (1947- onwards).Ĩ.1.